Die sogenannte BEAM Elektronik ist ein beliebter Zweig für Hobbyelektroniker geworden. Es geht hierbei darum, kleine autonome Roboter zu konstruieren, die von Solarzellen angetrieben werden.
Sunceram II
Seit 1983 hat die Firma Panasonic Solarzellen der Serie Sunceram II hergestellt. Aufgrund ihrer geringen Abmessungen und doch verhältnismäßig guter elektrischer Eigenschaften, waren diese Zellen bis zur Einstellung der Produktion um 2003 herum, sehr beliebt.
Im Datenblatt der Sunceram II-Solarzellen wird ausdrücklich darauf hingewiesen, daß man diese Solarzellen nicht ablecken soll. Verständlich, denn die Zellen bestehen nicht nur aus einer dünnen, zerbrechlichen Glasplatte, sondern vor allem enthalten Sie als aktive Schicht eine Mischung aus gesintertem Kadmiumtellurid und Kadmiumsulfid.
In den Sunceram II-Solarzellen sind mehrere Zellen in Serie zu einem Modul verschaltet. Die einzelnen Module wurden von Panasonic nach ihren äußeren Abmessungen benannt. In meiner Sammlung habe ich die beliebten Module aus der folgenden Tabelle. BP-242221, BP-243318 und BP-373334 waren ursprünglich für den Einsatz im Freien und unter vollem Sonnenlicht gedacht, was auch durch die Meßdaten aus dem Sonnensimulator bestätigt wird.
| BP-242221 | BP-243318 | BP-373334 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abmessungen | 24×22 mm2 | 24×33 mm2 | 37×33 mm2 |
| Dicke | 1.2 mm | 0.8 mm | 0.8 mm |
| Zellen | 6 | 5 | 8 |
| Zellfläche | 0.6 cm2 | 1.2 cm2 | 1.2 cm2 |
| Gewicht | 1.7 g | 1.6 g | 2.4 g |
| Voc(1) | V | 3.9 V | 5.9 V |
| Isc(1) | mA | 13.6 mA | 12.9 mA |
| FF(1) | % | 53 % | 56 % |
Amorton
Eine weitere Serie kompackter Solarzellen stammen von der Firma Sanyo. Genauso wie die Sunceram II-Module sind auch diese Dünschichtsolarzellen auf einer Glasplatte hergestellt, aber im Gegensatz zu diesen, besitzen die Module der Amorton-Serie eine aktive Schicht aus amorphem Silizium. Die Amorton-Module gibt es in zwei Ausführungen: eine für schwaches Umgebungslicht im Innenbereich und eine für den Einsatz unter voller Sonnenbeleuchtung im Freien.
Das Modul AM-1602 aus meiner Sammlung ist ein solches Modul für den Einsatz unter schwacher Beleuchtung in Innenräumen &emdash; das Datenblatt beschränkt die Verwendung dieser Solarzellen auf Lichtstärken unter 1000 lux. Die Meßkurven zeigen das schwächliche Verhalten dieser Solarzellen unter Beleuchtungen zwischen 200 W/m2 und 1200 W/m2, verursacht durch einen hohen Serienwiderstand der Zellen. Unter Zimmerbeleuchtung ergeben diese Module aber durchaus brauchbare Leistungsdaten.
Solarbotics
Mit dem Verschwinden der Module der Sunceram II-Serie vom Markt entstand der Bedarf nach einem Ersatz. Die kanadische Firma Solarbotics hat daraufhin eine Serie kleiner Solarzellenmodule mit ähnlichen Daten zur Sunceram II-Serie entwickelt. Diese Module bestehen aus schmalen Streifen kristalliner Siliziumsolarzellen, die auf einer Leiterplatte montiert und in klares Epoxidharz eingegossen sind.
Das Solarbotics-Modul SCC2433 ist mehr oder weniger als direkter Ersatz für das Sunceram BP-243318-Modul gedacht. Vergleicht man die Meßkurven, so sieht man, daß das Modul von Solarbotics sogar deutlich besser abschneidet: ein höherer Füllfaktor, höhere Spannung, höherer Strom und geringerer Serienwiderstand. Allerdings sind die Solarzellen von Solarbotics aufgrund der größeren Dicke aber auch doppelt so schwer, wie die ursprünglichen Module der Sunceram II-Serie.
Auf der Rückseite der Solarbotics-Module ist die Leiterplatte zum Aufbau einer Ladeschaltung für einen Kondensator, einer Solar Engine, vorbereitet. Im Inneren unter dem Epoxidharz erkennt man die in Serie verschalteten Siliziumsolarzellen und deren Lötkontakte an einer Seite. Die Leiterplatte des Moduls SCC3766 ist dafür vorbereitet, zwei Halbmodule für einen höheren Strom parallel oder für eine höhere Spannung parallel zu verschalten. Bisher wird das vom internen Aufbau der Module aber noch nicht unterstützt.
| SCC2422 | SCC2433 | SCC3733 | SCC3766 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abmessungen | 24×22 mm2 | 24×33 mm2 | 37×33 mm2 | 37×66 mm2 |
| Dicke | 2.6 mm | 2.6 mm | 2.6 mm | 2.6 mm |
| Zellen | 7 | 8 | 12 | 14 |
| Zellfläche | 0.5 cm2 | 0.6 cm2 | 0.6 cm2 | 1.4 cm2 |
| Gewicht | 1.6 g | 2.7 g | 4.3 g | 8.5 g |
| Voc(1) | 4.1 V | 4.7 V | 7.1 V | 8.4 V |
| Isc(1) | 16.9 mA | 20.7 mA | 21.9 mA | 43.3 mA |
| FF(1) | 76 % | 74 % | 74 % | 76 % |
Conrad
Ähnliche Solarzellenmodule, wie die von Solarbotics, werden auch von Conrad verkauft. Im Unterschied zu den Solarbotics-Modulen fehlt aber die vorbereitete Ladeschaltung auf der Rückseite, und die Lötstellen der einzelnen Solarzellen werden durch einen schwarzen Klebestreifen im Innern des Moduls verdeckt, was den Modulen ein gleichmäßigeres Aussehen verleiht.
| YH-39×35 | |
|---|---|
| Abmessungen | 39×35 mm2 |
| Dicke | 3 mm |
| Zellen | 8 |
| Zellfläche | 0.9 cm2 |
| Gewicht | 4.8 g |
| Voc(1) | 4.7 V |
| Isc(1) | 34 mA |
| FF(1) | 71 % |
(1) gemessen unter standardisierten Testbedingungen von 1000 W/m2, 25 °C und AM 1.5
My name is Piter Jankovich. oOnly want to tell, that your blog is really cool
And want to ask you: is this blog your hobby?
P.S. Sorry for my bad english
Hi Piter,
welcome to my blog! Yes, it is my hobby and you are my first confirmed reader. So far I have not really made the blog public and as you can see, the first enthusiasm has cooled down – no new articles for several weeks already.
Professionally I am a researcher at Uppsala university on thin-film solar cells and a teacher in electronics and renewable energy. More about that: probably soon in this blog…
Bad english? Why, you didn’t make a single mistake and even if I would not care…
I was pleased to read this article, keep up the good work.
Nice design! GA is also my biggest earning. However, it’s not a much. thanks !! very helpful site!
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I think this post was really a good beginning to a potential series of articles about this topic. Most bloggers pretend to understand what they’re preaching about when it comes to this topic and really, nearly no one actually get it. You seem to grasp it however, so I think you ought to start writing more. Thanks a lot!
Hi Corey and thanks for the compliments!
Currently I have a lot of things to do outside the web in the real world, therefore I am afraid that I will not be able to write much more frequently in the near future. I will, however, try to create at least some articles from time to time…
Uwe.
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hi
i like this article about sollarcells and i have a question for u. I am from central europe and i really need a sollar cell maybe u can help me. the best for me is BP 373334
How central is your position in Europe? I am from Germany and have been living in Sweden now for 13 years…
You will not find many of the „old“-style Panasonic modules anymore. These are not manufactured any longer. I recently ordered from solarbotics.com in Canada which was trouble-free and quick. Otherwise you will find some small solar cell modules at Conrad Electronics (headquarters in Germany, but now locally available in several other European countries).
Uwe.
Solar means passive devices that do not require much maintenance and for that reason are likely to eclipse wind in consumers hearts.
Direct current can be produced from solar energy.Solar cells are also called photovoltaic cells. Solar cells convert the light into direct current electricity, which is the same kind of electricity you would find in a standard battery. Once the energy is converted to electricity, it can be stored in a battery or sent through an inverter which changes the electricity to alternating current, the type of electricity that powers everyday electric items.
yes, that’s what solar cells are all about… so what’s your point?
Uwe.
Solar energy is the most effective way consumers can take advantage of feed-in-tariffs.
While this might be true right now and in certain places in the world where generous feed-in tariffs are available, this cannot be the future. Generous feed-in tariffs have shown to be a very good way to establish an industry and a new technology, but in the long-term photovoltaics has to be (and will be) sustainable just on its own, by offering electricity at competitve prices compared to other – sustainable – sources of energy.
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Dear uwezi,
Where can I buy Sanyo AM-1602?
Do you know any on-line/off-line companies other than Sanyo?
Thanks.
Hello Kim,
I don’t any source for these solar cells. The only source for similar
sized modules I know of is http://www.solarbotics.com
Yours,
Uwe.
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Thanks!
No, I have no intention to include more videos right now. Partly also because the web space I can allocate at my provider is limited and partly because I right now would not have the time….
Uwe.
Overpopulation is just one of the related causes of global warming. We could have far more people emitting a lot less CO2, just as we could have a lot fewer people emitting a lot more. Overpopulation brings with it other environmental issues that threaten the planet in other ways.
What’s your point? This article is not about global warming….
That is an interesting point, it made me think a bit. Thanks for sparking my thinking cap. Sometimes I get so much in a rut that I just feel like a record.
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It’s just the standard Atahualpa theme…
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Can you tell me the reference for this information? Thanks for a short reply.
What reference do you need? I stated all suppliers and the measurements were done by myself…
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Oh my goodness! an amazing article dude. Thank you However I’m experiencing problem with ur rss . Don’t know why Unable to subscribe to it. Is there anyone getting similar rss problem? Anyone who knows kindly respond. Thnkx
Great website you have here but I was wondering if you knew of any community forums that cover the same topics talked about in this article? I’d really like to be a part of community where I can get opinions from other experienced people that share the same interest. If you have any recommendations, please let me know. Bless you!
http://www.solarbotics.net is a good starting point
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hi thanks for your posts. can i ask somethink special ? did you make your website yourself ? if you are webmastering your site i think you did a greta well job espcially on your graphics wellnes.thanks again.
thanks! Yes, I am mastering the whole site and the graphics are made by myself (unless otherwise stated).
Yes, I do…
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